Jihan Ristiyanti, Jakarta – Indonesia's National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) reported that the Indonesian National Police (Polri) was the most frequently complained-about institution in 2025, receiving 805 public complaints, according to the commission's annual human rights enforcement report released on Monday, July 6.
The findings are outlined in Komnas HAM's 75-page Justice Enforcement Report 2025, which identifies the institutions and individuals most frequently reported over alleged human rights violations throughout the year.
"Throughout 2025, the Indonesian National Police (Polri) were the institution most frequently reported to Komnas HAM, with 805 complaints," Komnas HAM Chairperson Anis Hidayah said during the report's launch on Monday.
Corporations ranked second with 479 complaints, followed by individuals with 331 complaints, regional governments with 279 complaints, and central government ministries with 202 complaints.
Other institutions receiving significant numbers of complaints included the judiciary with 165 cases, the Indonesian National Armed Forces (TNI) with 107, state-owned enterprises (SOEs) with 103, educational institutions with 69, and the Attorney General's Office with 63 complaints.
In total, Komnas HAM recorded 3,003 complaints throughout 2025.
According to Anis, the data indicates that many human rights concerns remain closely linked to the exercise of state authority.
"From a human rights perspective, the state has an obligation to respect, protect, and fulfill the rights of its people," she said.
Jakarta recorded the highest number of complaints
Anis, who also founded the migrant rights advocacy group Migrant Care, said Jakarta recorded the highest number of complaints with 462 cases, followed by West Java with 332 and East Java with 265.
However, she cautioned that the figures should not be interpreted as indicating that those provinces experienced the highest levels of human rights violations.
Instead, she said, complaint numbers can also be influenced by factors such as access to reporting mechanisms, legal and human rights awareness, and the willingness of victims or witnesses to file complaints.
Complaints also came from Indonesians overseas
Komnas HAM also received complaints from Indonesian citizens living or working abroad, including those in Malaysia, Cambodia, Saudi Arabia, and Iraq.
According to Anis, the complaints primarily involved labor exploitation, physical abuse, the confiscation of personal documents, limited access to legal assistance, and recruitment practices that violated established procedures.
The commission's annual report provides an overview of Indonesia's human rights situation by tracking public complaints and identifying recurring issues affecting citizens both domestically and overseas.
Source: https://en.tempo.co/read/2112092/indonesian-police-receive-most-human-rights-complaints-in-202