Jakarta – The bulk of Indonesian government data affected by a recent ransomware cyber attack was not backed up, officials said, in an incident that has exposed the lack of preparations for such an attack in South-east Asia's biggest economy.
Last week's cyber attack, the worst in the country in recent years, disrupted multiple government services including those of immigration and operations at major airports.
The Indonesian government has said more than 230 public agencies, including ministries, had been affected, but has refused to pay an US$8 million (S$11 million) ransom demanded to retrieve the encrypted data.
Mr Hinsa Siburian, an official who chairs Indonesia's cyber security agency known by its acronym BSSN, said 98 per cent of the government data stored in one of the two compromised data centres had not been backed up.
"Generally, we see the main problem is governance and there is no backup," he told a parliamentary hearing late on June 27.
Some lawmakers dismissed the explanation.
"If there is no backup, that's not a lack of governance," said Ms Meutya Hafid, the chair of the commission overseeing the incident. "That's stupidity."
A BSSN spokesperson did not immediately respond when asked whether it would be possible to recover the encrypted data.
Mr Budi Arie Setiadi, Indonesia's Communications Minister, said the ministry had backup capacity at the data centres, but it was optional for government agencies to use the service.
He said government agencies did not back up the data due to budget constraints, adding this would soon be made mandatory.
The cyber attack has sparked criticism of the minister on social media in Indonesia.
Digital advocacy group SAFEnet started a petition calling for Mr Budi's resignation, citing his lack of responsibility over repeated cyber attacks.
Mr Budi sent Reuters a separate petition calling for him to stay on as minister when asked for comment on calls for him to resign.
The minister told the Indonesian Parliament that a "non-state actor" seeking money was believed to be behind the attack and that government services should be fully restored by August.
Ransomware attackers use software to encrypt data and demand payment from victims for restoring the data. Indonesia has said the attacker in this particular incident used an existing malicious software called LockBit 3.0.