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Chronology: East Timor's long road to freedom

Source
Deutsche Presse-Agentur - April 9, 2002

1512 - Portuguese explorers reach Timor, an island already known to Chinese as a source of sandalwood

1556 - Dominican friary opens at Lifau, in the Oecussi-Ambeno enclave

1642 - Portuguese soldiers arrive from nearby Solor island

1653 - Dutch build fort in the west of the island at Kupang, now the capital of the Indonesian province containing West Timor

1769 - Portuguese set up seat of government in Dili, in the east of the island

1859 - Portuguese and Dutch ratify separation of the island into east and west with the Oecussi-Ambeno enclave going to the Portuguese

1942 - Australian troops land in Dili, drawing in Japanese forces in a military engagement

1945 - Indonesia declares its independence, Portuguese resume control in East Timor

April 25, 1974 - Lisbon regime overthrown by Armed Forces Movement and East Timor abandoned along with Goa and other Portuguese colonies

August 11, 1975 - Pro-Jakarta UDT Party seizes power in Dili to check growing support for independence-minded Fretilin

October 16, 1975 - 3,200 Indonesian troops cross border. Five Australian journalists killed at Balibo

December 7, 1975 - Jakarta launches full-scale invasion of East Timor. Fretilin fighters driven to the hills province

1978 - Australia grants de jure recognition of Indonesia's annexation of East Timor

Nov 12, 1991 - Massacre in Dili's Santa Cruz cemetery re-ignites push for independence

November 1992 - Guerilla leader Xanana Gusmao captured by Indonesian troops, taken to Jakarta and sentenced to life imprisonment

July 1997 - South African President Nelson Mandela insists on meeting Gusmao in Jakarta

May 1998 - Suharto falls after 32 years in power

January 1999 - Habibie promises East Timorese a vote for either autonomy or independence

August 30 - UN-supervised referendum delivers 78.5 per cent vote for independence. Pro-Jakarta militias go on rampage

September 7 - Gusmao released into British custody in Jakarta. Looting, death and destruction in East Timor

September 12 - President Habibie invites UN peacekeeping force to East Timor after US President Bill Clinton says he "must" do so

September 20 - Australian-led international force arrives in Dili under UN auspices

October 18 - Indonesian parliament declares void Indonesia's 1976 annexation of East Timor

October 25 - UN sets up interim administration in East Timor to guide the country to independence

Nov 1 - Last Indonesian troops leave, efforts begin to repatriate 200,000 East Timorese the militias herded over the border into West Timor

August 12, 2001 - Parliamentary elections give 57.3 per cent of the vote to Fretilin

April 14, 2002 - Presidential poll

May 20 - Independence Day presided over by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan

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